The invention provides a test pool used for an underwater vertical launch test, and belongs to the technical field of aircraft underwater vertical launch tests. A reservoir and test pool mutual watertransfer filtering system is adopted to realize recycling of water and excellent water quality can be kept, the test pool serves as a fixed facility, different loading platform characteristics can besimulated according to the need, and the range of application is wide; construction can be performed in a dry environment, thereby facilitating safe operation; and the depth of water is adjustable, and water for testing can be used for multiple times of tests, maintains clean, and thus is convenient for an underwater test.