The invention discloses an accurate identification and intelligent control system of crop diseases and pests. The system includes a central server and at least an insecticidal device. The insecticidaldevice includes an insecticidal lamp, a wireless signal transceiver module, a storage module, an image acquisition module and a microprocessor; the wireless signal transceiver module, the insecticidal lamp, the storage module and the image acquisition module are all connected with the microprocessor. The insecticidal lamp, the image acquisition module and the microprocessor are all connected witha power supply module; the central server includes an information acquisition module, a search module, a data processing module and a wireless transceiver module; and the search module, the wirelesstransceiver module and the information acquisition module are all connected with the data processing module.