The invention discloses a preparation method of a coating surface for simulating a cell outer layer membrane structure. The method comprises the steps that vinyl monomers with zwitter-ion phosphorylcholine groups and vinyl monomers with amino are synthesized into phosphorylcholine polymers with amino through simple polymerization of solution free radicals, phosphorylcholine polymers with amino andglutaraldehyde are dissolved into a polar solvent, then a graphene oxide polar solvent is added to the mixed solution for dispersing and evenly mixing the solution, the surface of a material to be modified is coated with the mixed solution for treatment, and the stable coating surface for simulating the cell outer layer membrane structure can be obtained. The preparation method is simple and mildin condition, and a new approach is provided for obtaining the coating surface with excellent blood compatibility. The modified material for simulating the cell outer layer membrane structure has wide application prospects in the fields of blood purification, in-vivo implantation of the material, tissue engineering, sustained drug release, biosensors and the like.