The invention discloses an ultra-deep vertical shaft double-roller drive large-load friction elevating system and method, and belongs to the technical field of mine shaft elevating. The ultra-deep vertical shaft double-roller drive large-load friction elevating system comprises a friction roller, an auxiliary roller, a guiding wheel, elevating steel wire ropes and a drive motor. The ultra-deep vertical shaft double-roller drive large-load friction elevating system is characterized in that each steel wire rope correspondingly bypasses a plurality of rope grooves of the friction roller and the auxiliary roller so that the surrounding angle of the elevating system can be increased. By adoption of the simple structure, the tail rope diameter needed for guaranteeing normal running of the elevating system is reduced, and the steel wire rope manufacturing cost and machining difficulty are lowered. On the basis of an existing shaft tower type multi-rope friction elevating system, the corresponding number of the rope grooves of the friction roller and the auxiliary roller and the guiding wheel are increased for each elevating steel wire rope, so that the surrounding angle formed by each steel wire rope is increased to the product of 180 degrees and the number of the friction rope grooves where each steel wire rope bypasses, the stress fluctuation in the elevating system is reduced, theservice life of the steel wire ropes is prolonged, and the safety of the elevating system is improved.