The invention belongs to the field of vertical shaft tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a freezing sinking freezing hole arrangement method under the effect of large flow velocity groundwater. The freezing sinking freezing hole arrangement method comprises the steps that main freezing holes in an optimized region of the upstream part of the water flow are densified to enable the number of the main freezing holes to be one to two times the original number, and the low-temperature refrigerant temperature is decreased by 0-6 DEG C; and the multiple main freezing holes constitute a main freezing hole arrangement ring, and a plurality of auxiliary freezing holes are formed in the peripheries of the main freezing holes. Under the condition that the water flow velocity is high and reaches 20 m/d at most, the main freezing holes in the upstream part of the water flow are densified, the low-temperature refrigerant temperature is decreased, the auxiliary freezing holes are formed in the peripheries of the main freezing holes, and the arrangement mode that the low-temperature refrigerant temperatures of different regions are controlled to be distributed according to certain regularity is adopted, so that the closure speed of the freezing area is increased, the freezing efficiency of the whole freezing wall is improved, and reasonable distribution of the cooling capacity is achieved.