The invention discloses a device for increasing farmland irrigation flow based on single chip microcomputer control, and belongs to the technical field of farmland irrigation. The device comprises a shell, a single chip microcomputer, solenoid valves and air compressors, the shell is divided into three inner cavities, each inner cavity is internally provided with an airbag, each air compressoris connected to the corresponding airbag, the solenoid valves are arranged between the airbags and the air compressors, and the single chip microcomputer controls the solenoid valves to move to drive thecorresponding airbag for air inlet or exhaust. When water pressure of farmland irrigation water currents is not enough, or when large irrigation water pressure is utilized from small pressure from theangle of saving energy, the whole irrigation process is efficient and saves energy; the whole device is stable to work, reliable to run, simple and convenient to operate, saves the energy and protects the environment; a method of the single chip microcomputer is adopted to control a system, which is simple, reliable and economical in cost.