The invention provides a construction method of steel pipe and cement prefabricated pipe connection. The construction method comprises the steps of firstly, prefabricating a steel pipe (1) of which the inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of a cement prefabricated pipe (3), reserving a slurry pouring opening (2), rolling a steel variable diameter pipe (4), cutting the prefabricated steel pipe into two semicircular plates, welding steel bar heads (6) at the inner sides of the semicircular plates, cleanly polishing the outer circle face of one end of the cement prefabricated pipe, conducting galling, sleeving the polishing and galling section of the cement prefabricated pipe with the semicircular plates, welding the semicircular plates into a circular pipe, using a flax braid ora rubber hose (7) to wind and seal a gap (8) between the cement prefabricated pipe and the prefabricated steel pipe and spot-welding a steel circular plate (9) at the tail of the prefabricated steel pipe; connecting a water draiange pipe (10) at the bottom of the prefabricated steel pipe, pouring high-strength shrinkage-free pouring slurry (11) from a slurry pouring hole, welding the prefabricatedsteel pipe and the large opening end of the steel variable pipe diameter expanding section and welding the other end of the steel variable pipe with the steel pipe. The technical problem of steel pipe and cement prefabricated pipe connection is solved, and the construction efficiency and engineering quality are improved.