The invention discloses a capacitive three-dimensional wind speed and wind direction sensor. The sensor comprises a first micro column, a second micro column, a substrate, a first air layer, a secondair layer, a first layer metal pole plate unit, a second layer metal pole plate unit and a third layer metal pole plate unit, wherein the first micro column is connected at the top surface of the substrate, the second micro column is connected at the bottom surface of the substrate, the first air layer, the second air layer and the metal pole plate units are located in the substrate, the first layer metal pole plate unit, the first air layer, the second layer metal pole plate unit, the second air layer and the third layer metal pole plate unit are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; thefirst air layer is provided with a first micro support point, the second air layer is provided with a second micro support point, and the first micro support point and the second micro support point are connected with the substrate; and the first layer metal pole plate unit, the second layer metal pole plate unit and the third layer metal pole plate unit are embedded in the substrate and can be extracted out by a lead. The sensor disclosed by the invention can achieve zero power consumption, and improves the reliability of wind speed measurement at the same time.