The invention discloses a permanent-magnet linear motor based on an arc-shaped and inner-step shaped hybrid structure of a stator. The motor comprises a stator armature primary side and a Halbach permanent-magnet mover secondary side, the stator armature primary side is located on the outer side of the permanent-magnet mover secondary side, the stator armature primary side is formed by a stator iron core and an armature winding, inner-step shaped structures are adopted by the ends of two sides of the stator iron core, and arc-shaped structures are adopted by inner teeth of the stator iron core; the permanent-magnet mover secondary side is formed by a mover iron core and a permanent magnet adhering to the surface the of the iron core, and a Halbach array structure is adopted by the permanent magnet. By means of the motor, air gap magnetic flux larger than a conventional magnet can be obtained, the motor has a better magnetic shielding effect, and the thickness of a magnetic conductive yoke of the mover can be reduced. The invention provides an analysis model of an arc-shaped tooth structure, and the magnitude of magnetic conductance and a magnetic conductance-position variation curve can be derived by means of the model. The optimal structure of the motor is obtained by adopting a Taguchi optimization algorithm.