The invention relates to a toothed roll adjustable crushing machine used for the fields of coal, metallurgy, mines, chemical engineering, building materials and the like. The toothed roll adjustable crushing machine comprises a horizontal shaft, a hydraulic pump, an air blower, a first container, a first weight sensor, a second container, a second weight sensor, a blocking rod, a first baffle, a second baffle, a hydraulic rod, two semicircular toothed plates, a sleeve, conical teeth and a controller. After the blocking rod divides materials on a conveyor belt, the materials enter the first container and the second container, the crushing machine crushes the materials in the first container and the materials in the second container successively, and moreover before crushing is carried out on the materials in each container, the controller correspondingly adjusts the lengths of parts, extending out of the surface of the sleeve, of the conical teeth. The toothed roll adjustable crushing machine can automatically adapt to special working conditions of the materials, the crushing effect and the working efficiency are improved, and the running intellectualization of the crushing machineis achieved.