The invention discloses a pipeline structure, a method for optimizing pipeline vibration and a pipeline control system. The pipeline structure includes at least one adjustable section, the structure and/or orientation state of the adjustable section can be changed, and mass distribution of the adjustable section in the circumferential direction and/or axial direction are/is adjusted by changing the structural and/or the orientation state of the adjustable section. The pipeline structure includes the adjustable section of which the structural and/or the orientation state can be changed, when stress of a pipeline exceeds a predetermined value, the structural and/or the orientation state of the adjustable section are/is changed, so that fixed frequency and fixed pre-tightening force of the pipeline are changed, the vibration transmission excitation is greatly decreased, the stress of the pipeline is reduced, the service life of the pipeline is prolonged, and the reliability of the systemusing the pipeline is improved.