The invention discloses an energy-saving hydraulic control system for a stepper lifting mechanism. The energy-saving hydraulic control system comprises an oil tank (1), a hydraulic lifting cylinder (15), a lifting platform (16), a PLC (20), an oil supplementing and oil control power system and a rodless cavity power control system, wherein the oil supplementing and oil control power system comprises an oil supplementing and oil control power unit and an oil control energy accumulator group (9.1); and the rodless cavity power control system comprises one or more rodless cavity power control units, a low-pressure energy accumulator group (11.1), a high-pressure energy accumulator group (11.2) and a high-pressure and low-pressure switchover control valve (12). Control for the action of the hydraulic lifting cylinder is implemented in a manner of combining hydraulic volumetric speed adjustment control with the energy recovery and recycling of energy accumulators, and speed adjustment control and energy recovery are realized; and the energy-saving hydraulic control system is simple in structure, simple to control, low in investment and running costs, low in energy waste, and energy-saving.