The invention relates to the field of building steel structures, in particular to a damping steel frame structure which comprises a frame, a damping device shell, a rotating adjustment device, four longitudinal damping devices, a left upper transverse damping device, a left lower transverse damping device, a right upper transverse damping device and a right lower transverse damping device. The damping steel frame structure is characterized in that the damping device shell is arranged on the frame, the rotating adjustment device is rotatably connected in the damping device shell, the four longitudinal damping devices are arranged in the damping device shell and fitted with the rotating adjustment device, and the left upper transverse damping device and the left lower transverse damping device are engaged with the rotating adjustment device. The structure has the advantages that vibration of mounting supports of devices such as a cooling tower and a water tank is reduced, noise is reduced, protection of the supports is facilitated, and the damping degree can be adjusted according to different vibration amplitudes.