The invention discloses a high-performance copper-iron alloy material and an electroslag remelting preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous alloys. The high-performance copper-iron alloy material is a copper-iron alloy electroslag ingot, and is composed of 4-20wt.% of Fe, 0.001-1.0wt.% of RE and the balance Cu, wherein RE is rare earth elements; RE is Ce and La, the content of Ce is 0.008-0.012wt.%, and the content of La is 0.05-0.06wt.%. The high-performance copper-iron alloy material is prepared by an electroslag remelting method, wherein a copper-iron alloy ingot smelted by a vacuum induction furnace is adopted as a consumable electrode, a CaF2-NaF slag system is adopted as a slag material, and the prepared copper-iron alloy electroslag ingot is uniform in chemical composition distribution, dense in structure and smooth in surface; the copper-iron alloy electroslag ingot can be used for continuous production of high-performance copper-iron alloywires.