The invention relates to a coal gasification-gas base shaft furnace direct reduction system and technology. The system comprises a coal gasification reduction gas system and a gas base shaft furnace direct reduction system, wherein the coal gasification reduction gas system comprises a gasification unit, a dust removal wet-cleaning unit, a purification unit and a heat transfer unit; the gas base shaft furnace direct reduction system comprises a reduction gas heating unit and a gas base shaft furnace unit; the gasification unit is used for making powdered coal into raw coal gas; the purification unit is used for performing desulfurization and decarbonization to obtain clean coal gas; the heat transfer unit is used for performing heat transfer between the clean coal gas and the furnace top coal gas output from the gas base shaft furnace unit; the reduction gas heating unit is used for heating reduction gas to a preset temperature; and the gas base shaft furnace unit is used for reducingiron ore or oxidized pellets to obtain sponge iron. According to the coal gasification-gas base shaft furnace direct reduction system disclosed by the invention, the sponge iron can be generated by utilizing cheap powdered coal in a manner of low-temperature pure oxygen fluidization, and the limit that natural gas is mainly used as the reduction gas by the gas base shaft furnace is overcome, so that the cost is greatly reduced.