The invention provides a method for leaching calcium and strontium by using low concentration hydrochloric acid to chemically separate Weishan Lake rare earth concentrate. The method comprises the following steps: immersing the Weishan Lake rare earth concentrate in the low concentration hydrochloric acid, and heating the obtained solution to perform a reaction; adding the Weishan Lake rare earthconcentrate to a filtered leachate, heating the obtained solution to perform a reaction, carrying out solid-liquid separation, discharging the obtained liquid, and reusing the obtained solid phase. The grade of the Weishan Lake rare earth concentrate is improved to 50% from 40%, 90% of calcium carbonate and 85% of strontium carbonate in the Weishan Lake rare earth concentrate are efficiently leached out, the rare earth loss rate of below 1% is ensured, a discharged acid leaching waste liquid only contains calcium chloride, strontium chloride and a small amount of iron chloride, and wastewatertreatment is easy.