The invention relates to a roadway cooling simulation test device and test method, and belongs to the technical field of mine test simulation equipment. The roadway cooling simulation test device cansimulate the temperature distribution and cooling of an excavation face in real time, and can better analyze the temperature change relationship of an excavation roadway. According to the technical scheme, the roadway cooling simulation test device comprises a sealed mine roadway used for simulating the excavation face, an air inlet pipe is arranged at one end of the excavation roadway, an air velocity transducer is arranged in the air inlet pipe, and a plurality of air outlet pipes are arranged on the other end of the excavation roadway. The excavation roadway is internally provided with a constant temperature heating unit, a temperature and humidity sensor and a cooling water spraying device. The constant temperature heating unit can perform constant temperature heating on the excavationroadway, the temperature and humidity sensor is used for detecting the temperature and humidity in the excavation roadway and transmits temperature and humidity signals to a master control system, and the master control system controls the cooling water spraying device for atomization spraying cooling and regulation of the air quantity. The roadway cooling simulation test device and test method is widely used in cooling test of excavation roadways.