The invention discloses an underwater glider buoyancy pump system dynamic pressure, fatigue life and power consumption test method. According to the test method, a single cyclic hydraulic pipeline connected with a buoyancy pump system, a voltmeter connected with a driving motor of the buoyancy pump system in parallel and an ampere meter connected with a power source of the buoyancy pump system inseries are adopted; a load pressure meter, a throttling valve, an energy accumulator pressure meter and an energy accumulator are arranged on the single cyclic hydraulic pipeline from near to far awayfrom the buoyancy pump system in sequence. The single cyclic hydraulic pipeline is connected with an oil supply line and an oil return line correspondingly. The test method comprises the steps of (1)gas exhausting, (2) oil charging and (3) testing. Upward floating and submerging motion of an underwater glider in a seawater body is simulated through reciprocating flowing of equivalent hydraulic oil between the energy accumulator and the buoyancy pump system under high pressure. Various kinds of seawater pressure can be simulated by replacing the energy accumulator.