The invention discloses an agriculture mobile robot hardware platform which comprises a power module, a motor driving module, a communication module, a master control unit module, a sensor module andan image shooting device. The motor driving module and the sensor module are electrically connected with the power module; and the motor driving module, the image shooting device and the sensor moduleare electrically connected with the master control unit module through the communication module. According to the agriculture mobile robot hardware platform, the visual navigation hardware platform is designed, a crop line path tracking test is simulated through a visual navigation software platform, and the result shows that a robot can stably track the crop line navigation path.