The invention discloses a rib-based ion wind cooling device. The rib-based ion wind cooling device comprises a cooling heat sink and ion wind electrodes, wherein ribs are arranged on the metal heat sink, an external enveloping surface of the metal heat sink is a rotation body, a side surface of the metal heat sink is encircled by a plurality of layers of ion wind electrodes at equal distance, surface electric field effect is formed among the ribs of the heat sink by applying a high voltage between the ion wind electrodes and the metal heat sink, so that ion wind cooling is achieved. The distance among the ribs on the surfaces of the metal heat sink is relatively small, an electric field effect similar to a smooth metal surface is formed, the cooling area is expanded, meanwhile, the kineticenergy loss of ionic wind directly blowing a planar electrode is prevented, and the ion wind forced cooling power and efficiency are improved. Comapred with a traditional ion wind cooling device, therib-based ion wind cooling device has the advantages that ion wind directly blows the ribs, the cooling area is expanded, and the heat exchange efficiency is high by cooperation of hot air flowing and ion flow flowing direction.