The invention provides a room temperature-curing, high temperature-resistant, tough and heatproof coating and a preparation method thereof. The coating can be cured at a temperature of 10-30 DEG C under a humidity of 15-17%, a coating layer with a thickness of 0.15 +/- 0.02 mm can tolerate the erosion of flame having an outlet temperature of 1500 K, a flow velocity of 2400 m/s and a flow rate of 8kg/s for 1 s, and the coating layer has no significant change after two-time inspection. The coating comprises, by mass, 43-54% of silicone modified epoxy resin (epoxy value of 0.02-0.11), 10-12% ofa polyamide curing agent, 25-35% of iron oxide red, 5-10% of molybdenum disulfide, 5-6% of white carbon black and 2-3% of conductive carbon black. The coating has the advantages of low cost, simple construction mode, realization of the coating layer flexibility reaching 1 mm, realization of the impact strength reaching 75 kg.cm, realization of the adhesion being crossing 0 level and circle drawing1 level, high surface hardness, and realization of the pencil hardness being 6H.