The invention relates to a cement-based high-performance anchoring agent. The anchoring agent is prepared by uniformly mixing and stirring the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-440 partsof sulfate aluminum cement, 250-400 parts of ordinary Portland cement, 5-10 parts of a special water reducer, 170-285 parts of sand, 15-25 parts of a low-base expansion agent and 3-7 parts of an early strength agent. The cement-based high-performance anchoring agent disclosed by the invention is high in anchoring force, has low probability of air shrinkage, is excellent in durability and low in cost, and is easy to realize industrial production.