The invention discloses a rivet quality grading and automatic sorting system. The rivet quality grading and automatic sorting system comprises a material conveying device, a detection device, a screening device and an automatic control unit, wherein the material conveying device is used for conveying rivets to the detection device and outputting the detected rivets to the screening device; the detection device comprises a clamping mechanism and an information acquisition mechanism; after the rivets are clamped, a pull rod electronic scale is used for measuring the diameter of a rivet rod and acamera is used for acquiring images of the rivets; an industrial personal computer is used for driving quality grades of the rivets according to the diameter of the rivet rod and an image processingtechnology, recording a quality grade division result and transmitting the quality grade division result to the screening device; the screening device comprises a sorting groove and a sorting barrel,rotating the sorting groove according to the quality grade division result of the rivets and conveying the rivets into the sorting barrel with the corresponding grade. According to the rivet quality grading and automatic sorting system disclosed by the invention, the detection precision can be effectively improved by adopting the pull rod electronic scale and the image processing technology, and different evaluation standards can be selected to finish quality grading and automatic sorting of various types of the rivets; the working efficiency is relatively high.