The invention discloses a centralized shot blasting and derusting device. The centralized shot blasting and derusting device comprises a shot blasting box and a levelness adjusting device. The shot blasting box is provided with a shot blasting raw material feeding port and a discharging port. A levelness degree adjusting device is arranged on the outer side of the shot blasting box. The levelnessdegree adjusting device comprises a bottom plate, an adjusting plate, adjusting mechanisms and a supporting frame. A supporting column is arranged between the adjusting plate and the bottom plate. Thefour adjusting mechanisms comprise pulling ropes, push rods, push plates, hinge-joint rods, wedge-shaped blocks and top columns. The supporting frame is fixedly connected with the adjusting plate through vertical supporting rods which are arranged at four corners of the adjusting plate. The axis of the supporting frame is arranged at the center of the adjusting plate and is perpendicular to the adjusting plate. A bracket is arranged on the supporting frame, and a horizontal hole channel is located in the bracket. The shot blasting raw material just penetrates through the hole channel and thenenters the shot blasting box through the feeding port to be shot blasting. According to the centralized shot blasting and derusting device, the levelness of the shot blasting raw material is adjustedthrough the levelness adjusting device, and then the shot blasting raw material is sent into the shot blasting box, so that the consistency of the shot blasting effect can be realized.