The present disclosure relates to an overheating protection method for user equipment, a device, a user equipment and a base station. The overheating protection method for the user equipment comprises: sending a first signaling to a base station, the first signaling carrying indication information showing that a user equipment has the capability to report the capabilities of a temporary user equipment; monitoring whether the base station returns a second signaling on the basis of the first signaling within a preset time period; and determining whether the base station has the capability of solving overheating of the user equipment on the basis of a monitoring result. The technical solution according to the present disclosure may allow for the base station and the user equipment to determine whether the other has the capability of solving overheating of a user equipment by means of signaling interaction therebetween, and may further reduce the equipment temperature of the user equipmentby means of the base station without interrupting service data transmission when both the user equipment and the accessed base station have the capability of solving overheating of the user equipment.