The invention discloses a method for rapidly calculating the compressibility of the rock based on logging data, rock mechanics triaxial test, X-ray diffraction full-rock quantitative analysis and transformation volume measured by microseism, so that the rapid calculation of the compressibility of the shale reservoir under the stratum condition can be realized, and the high-efficiency development of the shale gas reservoir can be promoted. The method is mainly based on the influence of mineral brittleness and natural cracks, the better the brittleness of the minerals is, the larger the influence factor of the natural crack is, the better the compressibility of the rock is, the compressibility of the mineral is optimized by utilizing the number of cracks of the rock mechanics triaxial test,then the natural crack characteristics of the reservoir are combined, the compressibility characteristics of the rock can be well described, the volume is improved by combining the microseism, the weight coefficients of the mineral compressibility and the natural crack influence factors are analyzed and calculated through multivariate linear regression analysis, so that a novel method for calculating the compressibility evaluation of the rock is established. According to the method for rapidly calculating the compressibility of the rock, the reasonability of rock compressibility evaluation isimproved, and efficient development of shale gas reservoirs is promoted.