The invention discloses a linux-based driving method for RS485 real-time receiving and transmitting control. The linux-based driving method comprises the following steps that: a CPU (Central Processing Unit) puts RS485 equipment in a transmitting state; When the RS485 device is in a sending state, the CPU delays a first detection state through a kernel timer for a first preset time, and if a sending register is ready, data sending is carried out; And after the data sending is finished, the CPU delays the second detection state through the kernel timer, and each time when the delay time of thesecond detection state reaches a second preset time, whether a receiving register is ready or not is detected until the receiving register is ready, and the CPU places the RS485 equipment in a receiving state. According to the invention, the CPU consumption caused by the RS485 transceiving switching delay is reduced, and the switching is relatively real-time, so that the system performance is ensured, and the data integrity is also ensured.