The invention discloses a rapid prediction method for a fatigue limit of a ceramic-based composite material. the cracking of a matrix is considered in the fatigue process; Interface debonding and slippage, the influence of factors such as interface abrasion and fiber breakage is avoided; According to the method, the fatigue limit state of the composite material is established, a model capable of calculating the fiber monofilament broken end probability is provided in consideration of possible broken ends of fiber monofilaments in the composite material, and the accuracy of calculating the fatigue limit load is improved, so that the fatigue limit load of the ceramic matrix composite material can be quickly calculated. Most parameters required by the fatigue limit load calculated in the invention can be obtained through experiments, and the fatigue limit load of the material can be quickly obtained by using the method provided by the invention. The fatigue limit load represents the maximum load which can be borne by the material on the premise that the material is never tired, and can be used for judging whether the working environment of the material is proper or not.