The invention provides a rapid construction method of an energy-saving and environment-friendly modular demountable frame structure movable building, and the movable building. According to the movablebuilding, a demountable frame structure of the movable building is constructed firstly by adopting modular unit component supporting columns and connection transverse beams through corner connectingstructures, edge connecting structures and middle connecting structures, then according to the design requirements, a proper wall body is selected to be filled, a roof is constructed, and finally, theenergy-saving and environment-friendly modular demountable frame structure movable building is constructed. The movable building completely adopts the unit modular design, all modules are produced ina factory, and construction is conducted on site; the building unit modules do not involve large units such as containers or cabinets, thus the occupied space of the production workshop can be greatly lowered, and popularization and promotion are facilitated; and the building is not limited by any environment and can be suitable for being constructed on any place and any geological condition including plains, slopes, mountains, desert, wetlands, water and the like.