The invention provides a desulfurization method cooperated with a smoke afterheat utilization system and carbon base load ion liquid. The method comprises an air preheater, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a first absorption/desorption tower, a second absorption/desorption tower, a gas-solid separator, a fan, a gas storage and acid production device, a compressor and a chimney; theair preheater is connected with the heat exchanger; smoke cooled by the air preheater enters the first heat exchanger for twice heat exchange with air in the heat exchanger; the heated air is returned into the air preheater for utilization after twice reheating; the first heat exchanger is used as an analysis system to start a nitrogen heater; heated nitrogen is connected with the absorption/desorption tower through a pipeline; a smoke side of the second heat exchanger is connected with the absorption/desorption tower; the upper part of the absorption/desorption tower is connected with the chimney through a pipeline; the bottom of the absorption/desorption tower is connected with the gas-solid separator through a pipeline; the fan and the compressor are connected behind the gas-solid separator in sequence; and the compressor is connected with the gas storage and acid production device and the second heat exchanger through pipelines. The method not only can fully use smoke afterheat for achieving effective utilization of low-temperature tail smoke, but also can solve the problems of high resistance in application of high-viscosity ion liquid as an absorbing agent and high energy consumption in regeneration of the absorbing agent.