The invention discloses a lithium-oxygen battery interface in-situ optical imaging device. The lithium-oxygen battery interface in-situ optical imaging device is characterized in that a lithium-oxygenbattery main body skeleton, electrode sealing and fixing structures, ventilating hole structures and sealing shells are included; the lithium-oxygen battery main body skeleton is used for constituting a reaction cell cavity; the electrode sealing and fixing structures comprise the positive electrode sealing and fixing structure and the negative electrode sealing and fixing structure, detachable positive and negative electrodes can be fixed and positioned through meter screws, and the positive electrode sealing and fixing structure and the negative electrode sealing and fixing structure are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the lithium-oxygen battery main body skeleton; the ventilating hole structures comprise the air feeding ventilating hole structure and the air discharging ventilating hole structure which are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the lithium-oxygen battery main body skeleton; and the sealing shells comprise the upper sealing shell and the lower sealing shell which are fixedly arranged at the end of the lithium-oxygen battery main body skeleton and provided with optical observing windows correspondingly.