The invention discloses a model component file management method, device and system. A model component library client sends a model component file downloading request to a model component management platform server. The model component management platform server obtains a storage address of a model component file corresponding to the current modeling design software version and the file name of the model component file; a model component file is downloaded from a model component file storage server according to the storage address, wherein each model component file and a copy model component file corresponding to a plurality of modeling design software versions generated after each model component file is degraded are stored in the model component file storage server. The model component management platform server returns the downloaded model component file to the model component library client. All the files in the model component library at each server of the cloud are d egraded to generate copy files of multiple versions. When a model component is downloaded by a model component library client, a replica model component matched with current design software can be downloaded, andthe model component in the model component library can be compatible with high-version file low-version software.