The invention provides a preparation method of an antimony/reduced graphene oxide nano composite material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing antimony trioxide in ethylene glycol to obtain ethylene glycol antimony solution; adding graphene oxide, and performing ultrasonically dispersing uniformly; adding a reducing agent NaBH4, carrying out a reduction reaction, and carrying out the washing, drying and full grinding to obtain a precursor material; finally, putting the precursor material into a tubular furnace, and carrying out annealing treatment in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain the antimony/reduced graphene oxide composite material. The composite material is used as a lithium/sodium ion battery negative electrode material, and has good electrochemical performance and excellent cycling stability, so that the composite material has a very good application prospect.