The invention belongs to the field of air batteries, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a transition metal alloy/multi-dimensional carbon-based composite electrode material and application of the transition metal alloy/multi-dimensional carbon-based composite electrode material in the field of air batteries. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively carrying out surface modification treatment on a one-dimensional carbon substrate material and a two-dimensional carbon substrate material in advance; mixing the treated carbon substrate material with a transition metal solution to obtain a precursor; and finally, quickly calcining the precursor at high temperature under a vacuum condition for 15-15 minutes. And the final transition metal alloy/multi-dimensional carbon-based composite electrode material is obtained after 30 min. The transition metal alloy/multi-dimensional carbon-based composite electrode material can be used as a catalyst materialfor oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reaction, and shows low overpotential. Besides, as a zinc-air battery cathode catalyst material, the catalyst material shows relatively high power density andspecific capacity and relatively stable charge-discharge long-term cycling stability, and has a very considerable practical application prospect.