The invention discloses a configuration CCSDS AOS protocol data processing system comprising: a component legality detection and memory loading module used for detecting the realization legality of each component dynamic link library according to an interface agreement and carrying out memory loading on a component which realizes legality; a component classification management and visualization module which is used for performing classification management and visualization on the components loaded in the memory; a configuration processing flow editing module which is used for carrying out configuration editing on the AOS protocol data processing flow by taking the classified management and visualization components as basic editing elements; and a data processing task execution module whichis used for executing the AOS data processing task according to the AOS protocol data processing flow and monitoring the data processing process and the processing result. According to the configurable CCSDSAOS protocol data processing system disclosed by the invention, by changing or establishing a new AOS protocol data processing flow, the system can adapt to the change of an existing task or support a new detector AOS protocol data processing task, and the system has universality, high reliability and stability.