Roll replacement in rolling equipment is performed more efficiently. Provided is a roll replacement device (12) that replaces a pair of upper and lower work rolls (21) provided in a rolling mill (11)that rolls a steel plate passing therethrough. The roll replacement device (12) includes: a work-roll holding unit (51) that holds the pair of upper and lower work rolls (21) in a detachable/attachable manner and that can move the held work rolls (21) in a plate passing direction; a roll holding device (31) that has the work-roll holding unit (51) and that can move in a roll-shaft direction with respect to the rolling mill (11) in a state in which the work rolls (21) are held by the work-roll holding unit (51); and work-roll transfer devices (32) that can move in a direction intersecting a moving path of the roll holding device (31) and on which the work rolls (21) can be placed.