The application discloses an advanced chemical process control system and method, including: obtaining, by a decentralized controller, real-time data; storing, by a server, the real-time data obtainedby the decentralized controller, wherein an advanced process controller and the decentralized controller are jointly set in a process control layer of the process control system; obtaining the real-time data stored by the server; determining a processing result after the real-time data is analyzed and processed; and directly sending the processing result to the decentralized controller, so that the decentralized controller directly obtains the processing result. In the solution, the advanced process controller and the decentralized controller are jointly set in the process control layer of the process control system, the advanced process controller and the decentralized controller are set in the same system and in the same process control layer, and data is exchanged through a general communications protocol in the same system, thereby improving communication efficiency and communication security, and avoiding a problem of low communication efficiency caused by data communication between systems through an OPC communications protocol.