The invention relates to the technical field of arc wind tunnel test, in particular to a thermal response arc wind tunnel test device and method of a heat prevention and isolation material. The thermal response arc wind tunnel test device and method of the heat prevention and isolation material comprises a wind tunnel, a rotation connection piece, a water-cooling tool and a rotation driving mechanism, wherein a power output shaft of the rotation driving mechanism is connected with the rotation connection piece, the water-cooling tool is arranged on the rotation connection piece, and the water-cooling tool is corresponding to an exit of the wind tunnel. According to the thermal response arc wind tunnel test device and method of the heat prevention and isolation material, provided by the invention, an included angle between a measurement surface of a flat plate test module and a lower surface of an inner side wall of the exit of the wind tunnel can be changed, the purpose of continuouslychanging thermal flow loaded onto the measurement surface of the flat plate test model is achieved, refined and continuous operation of thermal response of the heat prevention and isolation materialunder a long-term condition is further achieved, the trueness of thermal response of the heat prevention and isolation material in arc wind tunnel test is greatly improved, and an effective support isprovided for a heat prevention and isolation design of an aircraft under the long-term flight condition.