The invention discloses a multiple access communication method and device for selecting a pseudo-random code sequence for spread spectrum. The method comprises the following steps: in spread spectrumcommunication, selecting a corresponding pseudo-random code sequence type according to the length of a spread spectrum code, if the length of the spread spectrum code in a spread spectrum system is 2^n bits, selecting to adopt a large M sequence, and if the length of the spread spectrum code is 2^n-1 bits, selecting to adopt a Gold sequence; when a large M sequence is selected, searching m sequence optimization pairs from the large M sequence, and forming a large M sequence group with the lowest cross-correlation peak value to serve as a spreading code sequence; and when the Gold sequence is selected, searching a balanced Gold sequence of which the cross-correlation numerical value meets the three-valued characteristic from the Gold sequence to serve as a spreading code sequence. By adoption of the multiple access communication method and apparatus for selecting the pseudo-random code sequence for spread spectrum provided by the invention, multiple effective m sequences can be obtainedat the same time for spread spectrum communication, so that the spread spectrum communication efficiency is improved.