A method for protecting a resonant linear compressor (14) including structural resonance frequencies (wE) and a motor that is fed by feed voltage (Va) that has amplitude (A) and a drive frequency (wA), both controlled according to the equation A·sin(wt). The protection method is configured so as to include the step of preventing feed to the motor at drive frequencies (wA) that have at least one harmonic coinciding tithe the structural resonance frequency (wE) of the resonant linear compressor (14). A protection system of a resonant linear compressor (14) includes an electronic control (30) configured to prevent feed to the motor at the drive frequencies (wA) that have at least one harmonic coinciding with the structural resonance frequency (wE) of the resonant linear compressor (14).