According to an embodiment, a structured document management device includes a query data receiving unit; a structural condition dividing unit; a structural condition rewriting unit; and a query execution unit. The query data receiving unit is configured to receive query data for searching a structured document. The structural condition dividing unit is configured to divide the query data into elements including a structural condition. The structural condition rewriting unit is configured to rewrite the structural condition into a rewritten query when a type of the structural condition is other than a descendant structural condition. The rewritten query is predetermined to include a joining process with a descendant structural condition so as not to affect structural conditions appearing before and after the structural condition. The query execution unit is configured to output a search result in response to query data that includes the structural condition and the rewritten query.