A self-locking mechanism which is mounted in a moving mechanism of a photovoltaic panel cleaning equipment is disclosed. The moving mechanism includes driving wheels driven by driving motors, and the driving wheels being diagonally and detachably mounted. The self-locking mechanism includes self-locking units arranged between the driving motor and the driving wheel of the moving mechanism, and is used for realizing self-locking of the respective driving wheel. By adopting the self-locking mechanism and the photovoltaic panel cleaning equipment having the self-locking mechanism, when the body of the photovoltaic panel cleaning equipment stops on the photovoltaic panel with a gradient, the body can be prevented from falling off due to the effect of gravity.