The present disclosure relates to an imaging element, a control method, a program, and an electronic device that can provide an electronic ND function by means of a simpler configuration. The imaging element includes a reference signal generation unit and an A/D conversion unit that includes a comparison unit and a switching unit that switches a capacitance connected to a terminal through which the pixel signal is inputted to the comparison unit and A/D-converts the pixel signal. In the case where the exposure time at the time when the image one frame before was captured is smaller than a prescribed first threshold, the switching unit is controlled so as to increase the capacitance connected to the terminal through which the pixel signal is inputted to the comparison unit. The present technology can be applied to a CMOS image sensor, for example.