An instrument for measuring near point of convergence (NPC) and/or near point of accommodation (NPA) is disclosed herein. The instrument includes an instrument housing, at least one visual target viewable by the subject; a distance measuring device configured to emit one or more output signals that are representative of a distance between a measurement reference point of the instrument and a body surface of the subject spaced apart from the measurement reference point of the instrument; and a processing device operatively coupled to the distance measuring device, the processing device configured to receive the one or more output signals that are output by the distance measuring device and to calculate the distance between the measurement reference point of the instrument and the body surface of the subject using the one or more output signals. In one or more embodiments, the instrument further includes a camera and a light source.