An article holding system according to an embodiment is an article holding system which is provided with a fixed portion, a movable portion, a hollow member located between the fixed portion and the movable portion, a drawing portion to draw in the hollow member, and a fluid control device to supply fluid to an inside of the hollow member, wherein the hollow member deforms in a state that the fluid is supplied by the fluid control device, and the hollow member is drawn out from the drawing portion, to change a distance between the fixed portion and the movable portion.