A measuring machine (10), in particular a coordinate measuring machine, has at least one optical sensor (34) for recording an image in an image capturing region (80) during an image recording time period (86), a control signal transducer (89) which provides a control signal that represents the image recording time period (86), a measurement illumination arrangement (96) for illuminating the image capturing region (80), and a control device (19). The control device (19) is configured to switch on the measurement illumination arrangement (96) during the image recording time period (86) in a manner dependent on the control signal. The control device is further configured to switch on at least one further illumination arrangement (97, 98, 100, 102) temporally outside of the image recording time period (86) in a manner dependent on the control signal. A corresponding measurement system and method for controlling the illumination are also discussed.