Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for transmitting a reference signal. The method for transmitting the reference signal comprises the step of: transmitting a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) and a primary synchronization signal (PSS) from a subframe including an N (natural number wherein N>1) number of resource blocks (RB) and a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols; and transmitting from the subframe the reference signal which is generated on the basis of a cell identifier, wherein the reference signal can be transmitted from an M (natural number wherein K