Provided are a multimedia data processing system and a selective caching method. The selective caching method in the multimedia data processing system includes inserting cacheability indicator information into an address translation table descriptor undergoing memory allocation to a graphics resource when the graphics resource needs to be cached and selectively controlling whether or not to prefetch multimedia data of the graphics resource present in a main memory to a system level cache memory, with reference to cacheability indicator information during an address translation operation of a graphic processing unit (GPU). The inventive concept can be implemented in a wide variety of computer-based systems having a graphical output, such as cell phones, laptops, tablets, and personal computers, as only a few examples.