A medium texture detection device includes: a radiation optical system that radiates non-coherent light to a sheet-shaped medium which is being transported; and a light reception optical system that receives diffused/reflected light of the non-coherent light from the medium. A surface of the medium has a basic structure for making a change in an intensity of the diffused/reflected light according to a position of the medium in a transport direction of the medium. A visual field of the light reception optical system is set to be equal to or greater than 1/10 times and equal to or less than 4 times of a size of the basic structure.