The present disclosure relates to a method for joint random access control and resource allocation in a wireless communication system, and an apparatus using the same. A method for joint random access control and resource allocation in a wireless communication system includes estimating the total number of Machine Type Communication (MTC) devices, and determining at least one of an access control probability and an amount of resources to be allocated in a next frame depending on an amount of resources required to satisfy a random access delay requirement, by considering access control and resource allocation based on the total number of random access MTC devices.